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The probe of knowledge about living nature in lower secondary schools
SKALICKÁ, Karolína
The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to ascertain the level of knowledge of lower secondary pupils about living nature. Following the written didactic test, the pupils undertook an Educational Forest Trail walk whereby they could assess their newly acquired knowledge. Some natural objects were available to help the pupils with the test and its selection was based on the textbooks used in previous years. One of the chapters of this thesis focuses on the chosen realia as well as the questions for the test. The practical part contains results of testing and it describes the process of the walk. Finally, the results of this thesis are compared to the results of similar studies.
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Plants as model organisms in inquiry science education in primary education
JINDROVÁ, Aneta
Research-oriented teaching is an attractive way of teching (not only) science subjects. At the first stage of primary school, it is an opportunity for developing students' research abilities. Plants are a suitable subject with which simple experiments, observations and research activities can be performed. The aim of the work is not only to find the possibility of using plant material in students' science research during teaching, but also to evaluate how research activities are accepted by students, how they are able to solve problems and how creative they are in solving research tasks. The work should show the possibilities of combining standard tasks based on plant observation with tasks based on different levels of research activity. The diploma thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. I approached this thesis in four steps. In the first step the curriculum and content of selected textbooks are analyzed with a focus on the issue of learning about living nature, in the second step the educational offer is presented, in the next step the proposed educational offer is verified with simultaneous monitoring and analysis of students 'research tasks and pupils' creativity. In the last step, the results of the survey are evaluated and the obtained data are interpreted. The diploma was drawn up as part of a project GAJU 123/2019/S.
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Anthropocentrism According to Living Nature
Kirsová, Jana ; Kandert, Josef (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This diploma thesis is inquired into the problematic of anthropocentrism and it' s relationship with the living nature. It is obvious that the anthropocentrism contributed to the current ecological crisis. The author is trying to delimit the definition framework of anthropocentrism and to find it's social, scientific even religious roots and to find the possible ways out of the crisis. The author also presents the key-concepts and theories that are non-anthropocentrically based and that are presenting the possible alternative attitude to the environment connected with the transformation of human values. Concretely it engages James Lovelocks Gaia Theory, Arne Naesses deep ecology and ecosophy or the Fritjof Capras new paradigm. Farther away it also follows the possibility of practical change of our life-concepts and as it's example describes the new concept of voluntary simplicity and New Age.
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Living nature in the third grade
Pokorná, Daniela ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
The paper deals with "living nature", how it is presented at school to the third graders, how children deal with examining, and what kind of mistakes they make. It comes out form the observation during lectures, dialogues with teacher and analyses of the tests. Piaget's works The Childs Conception of the World, The Psychology of the Intelligence and The Psychology of the Child were used as a theoretical base. Three main reasons for mistakes emerged from this research. First children have problems with the terminology, naming of objects, either brand new words or new content of familiar words. Second problem is different experience of each child. And finally, logical and infralogical mental operation which are quite new and difficult for children but important for organizing our surrounding world. Through acquiring of this topic at school children learn how to reason what is alive and why, what the typical characteristics of life are, so they can leave their child animism and egocentric way of understanding the world.
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The issues of the philosophical contexts of an animate and inanimate nature in the periodical Vesmir (2000-2010)
HUDATZKÁ, Kristina
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide the philosophical themes overview in the natural science periodical Vesmír in 2000-2010, which relate to an animate and inanimate nature. This topic wasn´t given an adequate attention in the literature, therefore the choice of this topic was obvious. The first part of this topic devotes to the natural science periodical Vesmír the history, the important personalities and the characteristic in the explored period. The next, main part of this topic is focused on analysis of explored articles, including stating the authors. With a made analysis I arrived at the conclusion, that the philosophical aspects of an animate nature is devoted more attention in the natural science periodical Vesmír. Most articles are focused on such philosophical themes, that they´re devoted to the gnoseological questions. The articles regarding the ontological, esthetic, ethical, axiological and cosmological problems are less frequent. I find the personal contribution of this bachelor thesis in wider and deeper way of looking at the world and approach to understanding the basic principles of the world.
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Anthropocentrism According to Living Nature
Kirsová, Jana ; Kandert, Josef (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This diploma thesis is inquired into the problematic of anthropocentrism and it' s relationship with the living nature. It is obvious that the anthropocentrism contributed to the current ecological crisis. The author is trying to delimit the definition framework of anthropocentrism and to find it's social, scientific even religious roots and to find the possible ways out of the crisis. The author also presents the key-concepts and theories that are non-anthropocentrically based and that are presenting the possible alternative attitude to the environment connected with the transformation of human values. Concretely it engages James Lovelocks Gaia Theory, Arne Naesses deep ecology and ecosophy or the Fritjof Capras new paradigm. Farther away it also follows the possibility of practical change of our life-concepts and as it's example describes the new concept of voluntary simplicity and New Age.
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Living nature in the third grade
Pokorná, Daniela ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
The paper deals with "living nature", how it is presented at school to the third graders, how children deal with examining, and what kind of mistakes they make. It comes out form the observation during lectures, dialogues with teacher and analyses of the tests. Piaget's works The Childs Conception of the World, The Psychology of the Intelligence and The Psychology of the Child were used as a theoretical base. Three main reasons for mistakes emerged from this research. First children have problems with the terminology, naming of objects, either brand new words or new content of familiar words. Second problem is different experience of each child. And finally, logical and infralogical mental operation which are quite new and difficult for children but important for organizing our surrounding world. Through acquiring of this topic at school children learn how to reason what is alive and why, what the typical characteristics of life are, so they can leave their child animism and egocentric way of understanding the world.
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